DCR implements the state ESC Program according to the Virginia Erosion and Sediment Control Law, Regulations, and Certification Regulations (VESCL&R). The law is codified at Title 10.1, Chapter 5, Article 4 of the Code of Virginia, regulations are found at Section 4VAC30-50, and certification regulations are found at Section 4VAC50-50 of the Virginia Administrative Code.

The ESC Program's goal is to control soil erosion, sedimentation, and nonagricultural runoff from regulated "land-disturbing activities" to prevent degradation of property and natural resources. The regulations specify "Minimum Standards," which include criteria, techniques and policies, that must be followed on all regulated activities. These statutes delineate the rights and responsibilities of governments that administer an ESC program and those of property owners who must comply.